Riveting machine



Nov. 22, 1949 T. H. SPELLER ET AL 2,488,645

RIVETING MACHINE Filed June 28, 1945 7 Sheets-Shee't l Q a s T J 1 J b "3 N N INVENTOR I THoMAs H. SPELLER AND Fnsggmcm A. PETTIS/ Q ATTORNEYS NOV. 2 2, 1949 SPELLER ET AL 2,488,645

RIVETING MACHINE Filed June 28, 1945 4 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTO R THOMAS HSPELLER AND FREDBEYRWK A. PETTIS C3 404 MQQMQATTORNEYS Nov. 22, 1949 T. H. SPELLER Er AL 2,488,645

RIVETING MACHINE Filed June 28, 1945 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 I07 46 m6 705 INVENTOR THOMAS H. SPELLER AND Fn esmcm A. PETTIS ATTORNEYS 1949 T. H. SPELLER ET AL 2,488,645

RIVETING MACHINE Filed June 28, 1945 I '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR ThoMAs H. SPELLER AND FREDERICK A. 'PETm BY I 1949 T. H. SPELLER ET AL 2,488,645v

RIVETING MACHINE Filed June 28, 1945 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 y I INVENTOR moMAs H. SPELLER AND FREDERICK A. PET-n5 Q4 M QAMUATTORNEYS Nov. 22, 1949 Filed. June 28, 1945 T. H. SPELLER ET.AL 2,488,645

R IVETING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR THOMAS H. SPELLER AND Fgoemc A. P TTI Patented Nov. 22, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,488,645 7 we I RIVETING MACHINE l Thomas H. Speller', William'sville, and Frederick A. Pettis, Bufialo, N. Y., assignors, by direct and mesne assignments, to General Riveters, 'Inc., Buffalo, N. Y., a corporation of New'York Application June 28, 1945, Serial 1Y0. 60,2 ,092

Our invention relates in general to riveting machines, and in particular to that type of machine in which a hole for the rivet is first drilled into the workpiece, after which a rivet is fed into the hole where it is held while being upset by pressure means. r

The principal object of our invention ha been to provide a machine of this nature by which;

the above results may be accurately accom+ plished in sequence and by automatic means.

Another object has been to provide a machine having means for rigidly holding the workpiece in place while it is being drilled and/or countersunk. A further object has been to provide means for feeding a rivet to the pre-drilled hole.

Another object has been to provide a laterally movable bucking tool with means for bringing it into coaxial relation with the head of the rivet to be upset.

Moreover, our device is provided with means whereby the drill ram may be locked axially to cooperate with said bucking tool during the riveting'operation.

Furthermore, our device is provided withariveting ram carrying a riveting anvil having 'a pressure rail, the latter serving to move the'workpiece to a place of support and hold it in position while being drilled, and the former, upon subsequent axial movement, serving to upset the rivet."

The above objects and advantages have been accomplished by the device shown in the ac'- companying drawings, of which:

. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of our complete ma -h chine;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same; I Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the drilling unit;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevation of the ain tion of the machine shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional elevation taken on line VV of-Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view takenon line VIVI of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional elevation" taken on line VIIVII of Fig. 3; 1

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line VIIIVIII of Fig. 10;

unit;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional plan view of the drilling unit taken on line X-X of Fig. 3;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on 1ine'XIXI of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a vertical riveting unit;

sectional elevation of y the- 11 Claims. (01. 2926)- Fig. 9 is a reducedplan view of the drilling I carrying switch used with our device.

As shown in Fig. 1, our riveting machine com prises a body frame [5 of general C shape having an'upper'leg lfi' and a spaced lower leg 20-,thereby providing the throat 2| of the machine. The

' forward end of' the upper leg has the drilling unit 22 attached thereto, and the riveting unit 23. V

The drilling unit of'our device comprises a ram head 24 suitably secured to the forward vertical face of the upper leg N5 of the frame. A top plate 25 is extended across the top of the head. The head is formed with a vertically arranged cylindrical bore 26 for the reciprocal support of the drill ram 30. This ram is formed with an upper the lower leg supports bearing portion and a reduced lower portion 32; wherebya shoulder 33 is provided for engagement with a detent arm 34 carried by a detent plate 35' The detent arm and plate are pivotally secured to the head at 36, and the forward end 7 31-of the arm'is disposed in a slot 40 formed in the head and is extended inwardly in the path of the drill ram to limit its downward movement. A helical spring 4| is carried by the head and is located under the'free-end of the plate 35, whereby the plate and attached detent will be urged in'a;

clockwise direction. A stop screw 42 is carried by the upper end of the detent plate and has its inner end bearing: against the rain head to resist the action of the spring-4i. By means of this adjusting screw the end 37 of the detent arm may be adjusted so as to accurately limit the downward travel of the drill ram 30 and the depth of thecountersunk hole. K

Mounted in the lower end of'the bore 26 ofthe -ram head is" the-upwardly projecting. cylindrical portion 43 of a presser foot 44'. This presser'foot is-suitablysecured inplace and is provided with. two downwardly extending spaced arms deconnected at their lower ends by a pad 45 forengagement'with'the upper surface of the workpiece. The upwardly extending portion 43 of this presser foot is provided with a'suitable b01359; for the bearing support of the reduced portion 32 N of the drill rain. The presserjfoot provides a'sup-j port an the workpiece While itis beifigdrilled is -a line diagram of'the electriccon- 3 and countersunk, and the workpiece is preferably forced upwardly and held in contact therewith by means of the initial operation of the riveting unit 23 of the device, to be hereinafter described.

A lifter rod stud 5| is carried by the portion 3| of the drill ram and is extended radially through a vertical slot 52 formed in the cylindrical portion of the ram head. Secured to the outwardly extending end of this stud is the lower end of a lifter rod 53. This rod has an upper end 54 pref-- erably bent at right angles and secured to the upper end of the plunger rod 55 of the drill ramoperating cylinder 56. This cylinder is mounted preferably behind the cylindrical portionof the head and has its lower end attached to the flange 60 of the ram head by means of az pivot 6|. Fluid pressure supplied to either end of this cylinder causes the ram to move downwardly or" upwardly, as will be hereinafter more fully described. In order to limit the upward movement of the plunger rod 55, a bumper 62 is provided. This bumper is carried by the top plate 25 and straddles the plunger rod '55. It is provided with a bumper stud 63 which is slidably mounted in the bumper and has its head 64 extending downwardly in the path of travel of the plunger rod. The stud is pressed downwardly by means of a helical spring 65.

Working in synchronism with the detent arm 34 is a limit switch I LS. This limit switch is carried by a bracket 06 mounted for oscillation upon a pin 'II and carried by apedestal I secured to the flange 60' of the drill head. The pin II is offset in relation to the bracket 66.. and a helical spring I2 is arranged under the overhanging arm I3 of the bracket serving to urge the switch in a clockwise direction of rotation, as viewed in Fig. 8. Anadjusting block I4 is carried by the arm I3 and has an inclined surface I5 for engagement with an adjusting screw I6 carried by the faceplate T1 ofthe drill head. As hereinbefore described, the detent arm is adjusted so as to countersink the rivet hole to the proper depth, and then the limit switch ILS is adjusted by means of the screw 16 to close slightly in advance of the point where the ram reaches this predetermined position. The switch ILS is operated by an adjusting rod 80- which is carried by the switch operating arm- 8|. This arm is secured to the lifter rod stud 5| and is therefore moved with the drill ram. The engagement of the adjusting rod 80 with the switch ILS serves, through the circuits to be hereinafter described, to interrupt the downward movement of the drill ram at a predetermined place in its travel and to cause-it to move upwardly to its initial position. a

Extending through the drill ram '30 is a drill shaft 82. This shaft is rotatably supported in suitable anti-friction bearings mounted in the drill ram, and carries a chuck 83 at its lower end. This chuck is designed to receive and hold a drill and countersink 84. The drill shaft is driven by means of a pulley 85 which is suitably mounted upon a stationarilyarranged stud 86, carried by the top plate 25. This pulley is preferably mounted upon suitable anti-friction bearings (not shown) and is held against axial movement. Since the drill shaft 82 moves up and down with the drill ram 30, means, preferably in the form of a key and keyway, are provided which permits the shaft to be driven by the pulley at any point throughout its axial travel. The pulley 85 is driven by means of a belt 90 which passes over a pulley 9| carried by a jack shaft 92.

This jack shaft is suitably mounted in a support 93 carried by the top plate 25, and a pulley 94 is mounted on the lower end thereof. The pulley 94 is driven by means of a belt 95 which passes over a drive pulley 96 mounted on the shaft of a drive motor I00. As shown in Fig. 1, this motor is preferably mounted within the body frame of thedevice.

According to our invention, after the hole has been drilled and/or countersunk in the workpiece, a rivet is fed to and placed within the pre-drilled hole. synchronously with the placement of the rivet, a bucking tool is brought into coaxial relation with the rivet to force the rivet into the hole and to act as a bucking tool for the riveting operation. This is accomplished by providing a rivet locater IOI which is carried at the outer end of a locater leg I02. This leg is mounted upon the lower end of a pivot shaft I03 for oscillation therewith. This shaft is rotatably mounted within apivot sleeve I04 which is mounted for oscillation within a suitable bearing carried by the flange 60 of the head. The rivet locater isprovided with suitable rivet holding fingers I05 which are pivotally mounted upon a stud I06 and held in their normally closed position by means of a spring I01. A rivet-receiving aperture H0 is formed between the fingers, and the outer ends of the fingers are separated when a rivet is being discharged from between them. The locater is provided with an aperture III which registers with the apertures I I0 formed by the fingers I05. In the normal inactive position, the aperture III of the locater is accessible for receiving single rivets fed thereto either manually or by any suitable automatic means. Mounted about the pivot sleeve I04 is a bucking cap sleeve I I3. A bucking cap H4 is carried by this sleeve and has its leg H5 secured thereto by means of a bolt I I6. The bucking cap is designed to move vertically with respect to the locater and in carrying out our invenion, the sleeve H3 is therefore mounted upon the pivot sleeve I04 so as to permit relative axial movement only. The parts are rotated together in unison by means of the bolt H6 which has its end passing into a slot I20 formed in the pivot sleeve I04. A helical spring I2I is mounted about the bucking cap sleeve and has one of its ends bearing against the leg II5 of the cap and its other end bearing against the leg I02 of the pivot locater, whereby to urge the bucking cap sleeve II 3 upwardly and to retain it in its normal inactive position. A pivot locater arm I22 is carried at the upper end of the pivot shaft I03, and a bucking cap arm I23 is secured to the upper end of the pivot sleeve I04.

When a rivet is to be placed in a previously drilled hole, it is necessary that both rivet locater IOI and bucking tool I 3I be brought to a coaxial position in relation to the drill ram and be disposed between the ram and the rivet. It is necessary, however, in order to conveniently feed a rivet into the rivet locater, that the locater be swung outwardly a greater distance than the bucking cap as clearly shown in Fig. 10. Since both of these devices are operated by means of a single operating cylinder I24, it is necessary that the same amount of operative movement produces a greater amount of swing of the locater than that of the cap. In order to accomplish this, the pivot locater arm I22 is shorter than the bucking arm I23, whereby to compensate for the difference in the necessary movement of the locater and cap; The arms I22 and I23 are connected respectively to the plunger rod I25 of the cylinder by meansof links I26 and I30, respec-" tively. The operating cylinder I24 is preferably mounted upon the flange 60 of the ram head, and, is operated by a suitable solenoid valve controlled by the limit switch ZLS, carried preferably by the top plate 25 and actuated by means of an adjusting screw II1 carried by the arm BI when it .has moved upwardly to its maximum upper position, as hereinafter described. Movement of the cylinder plunger I25 is stopped by means of a stop screw I I8 which is supported by the flange 60: and engageable with the arm I23. The limit switch 3LS is closed as the plunger reaches the limit of its movement.

The bucking cap II4 carries the bucking tool. or anvil I3I. Since the bucking tool is forced downwardly by the repeated downward movement of the drill ram to place the rivet in thehole and to buck it up while being upset, the bucking cap is formed with an aperture I32 for the accommodation of the drill and/or countersink 64. A recess I 33 is formed in the wall of the cap for the lateral passage of the drill and countersink. This permits the cap to be swung to and'from its operative position without having t'o be moved the full axial length of the extending end of the drill and countersink. When the bucking tool is being moved downwardly to eject the rivet from the rivet locater and to its operative position, the lower end of the drill ram will be in engagement with the top surface of the cap. When the bucking tool is moved to the position just described by the drill ram, it is desirable to positively lock the drill ram in a position where it will support the bucking tool, without having to rely upon the drill ram operating cylinder 56. This is accomplished by a ram locking cam I34. This cam is carried by a shaft I35 mounted in suitable bearings I36 carried by the front plate 11 of the ram head. The cam is mounted in a suitable slot I40 formed in the wall of the cylindrical portion of the ram head through which it is movable into the cylindrical bore 26 thereof. The cam is so located that when the drill ram is moved to its bucking tool supporting position, the cam I34 can be moved inwardly to engage a detentsurface. I4I formed on the upper end of the ram., The. cam I34 is operated by means of an operating cylinder I42, carried by the top plate 2.5v and connected to a cam lever I43 by means of links I44. The cam lever is secured to the shaft I35 which may thus. be oscillated by the operation of the cylinder I42. The cylinder is operated by means of fluid supplied through a solenoid valve LV controlled, as hereinafter more fully described, by means of a limit switch 6LS. This.switch is suitably located and is'operated by means of an adjusting screw I31 carried by an extension I38 of the arm 8 I.

. When the ram locking cam has reached its fully engaged position, and the drill ram is thereby read to support the bucking cap and tool against axial movement, the riveting unit 23 is ready to be brought into action to upset the rivet, as hereinafter more fully described. In order to bring about the repeated and further operation. of. the riveting unit, a control switch 4LS is provided. This control switch is carried preferably on the inside of the front plate TI of the ram head and is engaged by an adjusting screw I45 which is mounted upon an adjusting arm I46, rigidly carried by the cam shaft I35 (see Fig. 5). A stop arm I is formed on the cam lever I43 and is engageable with some fixed part; oftheram. head after the switch 4LS'has been operatediin order to limit any over travel cam operating cylinder I42. i.

The riveting unit of our invention is. located at the forward end of the lower leg 20 of the housing and comprises a ram housing I5I which issupported by and secured to the ram operating cylinder I52. This cylinder which is a standard article of manufacture is suitablyconnected to fluid :under pressure controlled valves to be hereinafter referred to. v V

The riveting ram I53 is slidably mounted within a-suitable cylindrical bore I54 formed in the ram housing I5I, and it is suitably connected to the plunger (not shown) of the ram operating cylinder I52, The riveting ram is provided part way through its central portion with a cylindrical bore I56 which extends downwardly from the upper end thereof and within which is slidably mounted a switch plunger I60. This plunger is of. the

provided with spaced tapered surfaces I GI and I62 for engagement with radially arranged bridge pins I63. These pins are slidably carried by the ram, and they are pushed outwardly by the inclined surfaces of the plunger when there is relative movement between theplunger and the riveting ram. A helicalspring I64 is arranged at the bottom of the bore I56 and has its upper end engaging with the lower end of the switch plunger, whereby the plunger is normally held in its uppermost position. A bridge plate I65 is arranged on the outside of the ram and is connected to the bridge pins I63. A spring'I66 at each end of the bridge serves to keep the same pressed inwardly toward the plunger and the rounded ends of the pins in engagement with the coacting inclined surfaces of the switch plunger.

A rivet height control switch9LS is'mounted within the ram housing opposite the bridge plate I65 and is designed to be operated by this bridge plate when thesame is forced outwardly by the pins I63. Arranged preferably diametrically opposite the bridge plate is a cam plate I10 which is secured to the riveting cam. This plate is tapered and coacts with a pressure rail control switch 1LS. This switch is operated by the cam plate when the riveting ram reaches the extreme positions of travel, as will hereinafter be more fully described. I

Each of the switches 9LS and 1LS is carried by a hinge arm "I which has its lower end pivotally attached to a hinge block I12, carried by the housing. A leaf spring I13 tends to press the arms outwardly away from the ram. Each of the arms carries an adjusting screw I14 at its upper end whichtis forced by the spring I13 into contacting an adjusting eccentric I 15. The eccentric I15 for controlling the switch 9LS is carired by an adjusting knob I16, and the eccentric for adjusting the switch 1LS is carried by a knob I80. By rotating the knobs I16 and I89, the micro-switches 9LS and 1LS may be adjusted to control the movements of the lower ramwithin narrow limits. 1

Also carried by the riveting ram I53 is a limit switch 8LS for coaction with the switch plunger I60. when the ram has been moved upwardly to support the workpieceagainst the presser foot 44.; A switch pin I51 is slidably carried by the ram, having one end engagingthe switch BLS and the other endengaging the tapered surface [62.01" the plunger, whereby the switch will be operated by the initial relative movement of the ram: and. lplungen; .The contacts of the control switches 9LS,- 1LS; and 8L8 and --the "circuits in,

which .they are :connected will he hereinafter described.

Mounted .ontop of the. riveting ram is an anvil mounting disk 190 having :ways l9l, for the lateral receptionof the base 'I 92,0f .the riveting anvil l93. .Suitable means (not shown) are-provided for retaining the anvil in position'uponthe ram. Slidablymounted'upon the riveting anvil for relative axial :movement therewith is the pressure rail I94 of our device. The topsurface I95 'of this rail is normally maintained :some distance above the top;surface I96 of the anvil by means of a helicalspring 200 mounted within the skirt 20! of .the rail and seatingupon an enlarged base portion 2020f the anvil. Theenlarged base portion ofrtheram is formed with a :diametrically arranged slot 203"through which is passed a trunnionshaft 204. "Thiszshaftcarries a pressure rail stem 205 and it is, secured todiametrically opposite sidesof the skirt20l of the pressure rail.

Carriedat the .upper end of the switch plunger L60 isa plunger stem 206 which is secured to the plunger in an adjustablemanner and which has its upper end engaging with the pressure rail stem .205. Relative movement between the riveting ramand the switch plunger caused by the movementof: the former during the riveting operation, causes the limit switch -9LS to be actuated to terminate the riveting operation-at the 1 predetermined point.

In carrying out our invention, certain solenoid valves and relays are employedin connection with the limit 'switches hereinbefore relerredto.

These valves and relays, as well as the switches,

are standard articlesof manufacture; and, since the detailedconstruction of theseelements do not form a, part ofzour .inventiomthey are not shown or described in detail.

Referenceis now to be had toFigs. 15 .and'lfi, which are line drawings showing. the various valves, switches, :and .electric circuits employed in carrying out our invention. The drillram operating cylinder 56- and the cam operating cylinder I42 are providedwith"operating valves.

RV and LV,-:respectively. In like mannenithe cylinder |2l-for operating rivetllocater and bucking tool cap is actuated by a valvelLBV. vA solenoid valve Q1 .and a solenoid-valve Q2..are

provided for operating the lower ram 'upwardly and downwardly, respectively. Control relays ICR, 2CR,',3CR, and.4CR:are-a1so provided for accomplishing certain functions; and these relays are provided with certain contacts to be described below. cated at Lland'L2'whichisupply-current to our device. In. one of these lines, thereis inserted a master-switch .2l and a starter switch 211]. HA

foot switchi-Sl. is provided which is-to-be depressed when the-machine is to .beput in-roperation. When the foot switch FSLJsdepressed, current will .fiow,. as will be clear. from, Fig. .15, through the contact A of double .-.con.tact limit switch 8L5, through normally closed contact ACRA of control. relay 4GB. and through the solenoid of valveQl. This will cause fluid under pressure from a suitable source (not shown) to be supplied to theriveting ram operating cylinder to cause the riveting ram I53 to-be initially elevated. As this plunger moves-upwardly, thepressure rail 194 "-will'be brought into contact withthe under 'sideof a "workpiece positioned between the railand the presser foot 40, causing the workpiece to be :moved .upwardly into contactwiththemresser foot. After the-initial con- Electrical power lines are indi-y 8 tact of the workpiece :with the presser foot a slight amount of relative movement between the pressure rail and the anvil 196 will cause the limit switch 8LS to be moved from its contact A to its contact B whichwill break the circuit through valve QL-thereby terminating the initial upward movement of the riveting ram, and holding the ram in this position while drilling the workpiece. When switch BLSis moved-to its contact B, relay 30R will be energized thereby closing normally 'open contacts SCRA and 3CRB. Current now flows to solenoid valve RV through contact BCRA and normally'closed contact ICRA of de-energized relay ICR for operatingthe drill ram on its downward stroke by means of the operating cylinder 56. As the drill ram descends to drill and countersink the workpiece, normally openlimit switch ILS will be closed thereby energizing control relay ICR. With the energization of this relay, the normally closed contact ICRA thereof :will .be opened thereby interrupting current to thevalve RV and stopping downward movement of the drill ram and causing the same to be elevated to its upper position. As soon as the drillram starts its upward movement, switchlLS is moved to its normally open position, but control relay ICE!I is maintained in energized position through its contact ICRB and sustained contact 3CRA of energized relay 30R. As the ramreaches the uppermost end of its stroke, normally .openlimit switch 2L8 is closed and current is-thereby conducted through contact ICRC closed by energized relay ICE, and through control relay. 26R, thereby energizing this relay and closing its nor" mally open contact ZCRA. Current will also flow through contact 3CRB of relay 30R, to ener-. gize solenoid valve LBV. This will cause the river locater I04 andthebucking tool.l3l to be swung inwardly into coaxial relation with'the drill ram. As the bucking tool and rivet locater reach their final operative positions, the normally open limit switch 3LS is closed which causes the solenoid valve RV to be again energized thereby causingfluid under pressure to again flow to thecylinder.56,..toagain.move the drill ram downwardly. This movement opens switch ZLS but'solenoid LBV is maintained in energized position through contact .2CRA of relay 20R. This circuit also energizes the circuit having in series the normally open limit switch 6LS and the latch valve LV. When the drill ram descends to the bottom of its stroke, switch 615 will he closed thereby energizing solenoid valve LV to cause the cylinder M2 to beactuated thereby drawing locking cam 134 into .position of engage ment with the drill ram,.and thereby temporarily holding it fixed against axialqmovement. .When the locking cam has been drawn to its engaged position, normally open limit switch \ALS will be closed. This switch is normally in series with the A contact of limit switchSLS and current will flow through these two switches and through normally closed contact ACRA of relay 4CR-to a ain energizesolenoid valveQl. Fluid under pressure will thereby again flow to the actuating cylinderof the riveting ram, causing the ram with its rivetinganvii to be moved upwardly. Since further upward movement of the pressure rail l94is prevented by contact with the workpiece, relative movement between. the anvil and the pressure rail will-be brought about. This movement will be transmitted by the switch plungerxlnfl .to the=bridge which will cause the limit sWitch SLS tobe operated from itszcontact A to its contact B at the instant the rivet head has reached its predetermined height and thus terminate the riveting operation. When the riveting operation has been completed and contact B of switch .9LS is closed, solenoid valve Q2 will be energized through normally closed limit switch TLS. This will cause the riveting ram to move downwardly, and when the lower position has been reached, further movement is interrupted by the opening of limit switch TLS. Current flowing through ALS and SLSB will also energize relay 40R thereby closing its normally open contact ACRB which is necessary inorder to maintain a live circuit through 'ILS and to complete the lowering movement of the riveting ram since the circuit through 4L8 and 9LSB is broken during the initial downward travel of the riveting ram by movement of limit switch SLS from its contact B to its contact A and the release of the lock cam on the drill ram. Should it be desired to operate the solenoid valve Q2 to retract the riveting ram beyond the position where it is interrupted by the switch 'ILS, the valve Q2 may be energized separately and independently by closing foot switch FSZ. Release of the foot switch FSI interrupts the operation of the machine instantly.

While our device is normally to be used to perform all of the above mentioned operations auto- .matically and in sequence with each other, it may sometimes be desired to use the machine for riveting only or for drilling only. In order to accomplish this, I employ a selector switch 2| 2, shown in Fig. 16. This switch has three groups of contacts 2E3, 2M, and 2|5, which may be independently operated to bring about certain circuit arrangements. In Fig. 16, I have shown the contacts of this switch in the three positions required for accomplishing the three results above mentioned. Arrangement 22!] is for full automatic; arrangement 22l is for riveting only; and arrangement 222 is for drilling only. In Fig. 16, the use of the letter X indicates that that particular contact is closed, whereas the-use of the letter indicates that the contact so identified is open. As shown, when the device is to be fully automatic in operation, contact ISSB only is closed, contacts ISSA, ISSC, and ISSD remaining open. When the machine is to be used for riveting only, contacts ISSA and ISSB are closed. Contact I SSD only is closed when the machine is to be used only for drilling.

What is claimed is:

1. A riveting machine comprising a drill ram, a riveting ram, a drill carried by said drill ram, means for supporting the workpiece while being drilled, means operable substantially in syn chronism with contact of the workpiece with the supporting means to operate the drill ram to drill the workpiece, means for returning the drill ram at the completion of the drilling operation, a' laterally movable locater for yieldably holding a rivet, a laterally movable bucking tool, means for moving said locater and said bucking tool into coaxial relation with each other and disposing them in between said drill ram and the workpiece, means for bringing said drill ram into cooperative relation with said bucking tool to eject the; rivet and to feed it into the drilled hole, means for locking said drill ram in position to support said bucking tool, and means carried by said rivet ing ram and cooperating with said bucking means to effect a riveting operation. I

2. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit, and a riveting unit, said drilling unitcom- 10 prising a head formed with a cylindrical bore, a drill ram mounted within said bore for axial movement therein, operating means for reciprocating said ram, said ram being formed with an abutment, an adjustable stop carried by said head and engageable with said abutment to limit the downward travel of said ram, a drill rotatably carried by said ram, a bucking tool interposable between said ram and a workpiece for engagement with the head of a rivet carried by the workpiece, means for locking said ram in its position of engagement with said bucking tool, and riveting means carried by said riveting unit for cooperation with said bucking tool to effect a riveting operation. I

3. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit, and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram, a drill carried bysaid ram for drilling a rivet hole in a workpiece, operating means for moving said ram to upper and lower predetermined limits, a bucking tool interposable between said ram and the workpiece, means operable by said ram at the lower extremity of movement during its initial operation to interrupt the downward movement and to actuate said operatingmeans to elevate said ram, means operable by said ram at the upper extremity of movement to move said bucking tool to a position of cooperation with the ram, means operable in synchronism with the movement of the bucking tool to cause the ram to descend a second time to engage and axially support the bucking tool, and means operable subsequently to the second movement of said ram to operate the riveting unit to cooperate with the bucking tool to effect a riveting operation.

4. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit, and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram, a drill carried by said ram for drilling a rivet hole in a workpiece, operating means for moving said ram to upper and'lower predetermined limits, a bucking tool interposable between said ram and the workpiece, means operable by said ram at the lower extremity of movement during its initial operation to interrupt the downward movement and to actuate said operating means to elevate said ram, means operable by said ram at the upper extremity of movement to move said bucking tool to a position of cooperation with the ram, means operable in synchronism with the movement of the bucking tool to cause the ram to descend a second time to engage and axially support the bucking tool, means for locking said ram in its tool-supporting position, and means operable subsequently to the second movement of said ram to operate the riveting unit to cooperate with the bucking tool to efiect a riveting operation.

5. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit, and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and bucking means cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a riveting ram slidably carried by said pedestal, operating means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a. spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for initially actuating said operating means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, means carried by said riveting ram for interrupting the. movement of said rail in said initial position, means operable substantially upon contact of the workpiece with said rail to actuate said rail ram and subsequently to position said bucking .tool, and means operated subsequently to the posi- 11 tioning of the bucking tool to resume the actuation of the riveting ram to effect a riveting operation,

6. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit, and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and bucking means cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a riveting ram slidably carried by said pedestal, operating means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for initially actuating said operating means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, means carried by said riveting ram for interrupting the movement of said rail at said position, means operable substantially upon contact of the workpiece with said rail to actuate said drill ram, means for returning said drill to its upper position at the completion of the drilling operation, means actuated in synchronism with the upwardly moving drill ram to position said bucking means coaxial therewith, control means actuated by the movement of the bucking means for causing the drill ram to move downwardly to engage said bucking means, and means operated synchronously with the placing of the bucking means to resume the actuation of the riveting ram to effect a riveting operation.

'7. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit, and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and a bucking tool cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a riveting ram slidably carried by said pedestal, operating means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for actuating said operating means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, means carried by said riveting ram for interrupting the movement of said rail at said position, means operable substantially upon contact-of the workpiece with said rail to actuate said drill ram, means for returning said drill ram to its upper position at the completion of the drilling operation, means actuated in synchronism with the upwardly moving drill ram to position said bucking tool coaxial therewith, control means actuated by the movement of the bucking tool for causing'the drill ram to move downwardly to engage said bucking tool, means for locking said drill ram in .its tool-engaging position, and means operated synchronously with the placing of the bucking tool to actuate the riveting ram to effect a riveting operation.

8. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comrising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and bucking means cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a riveting ramslidably carried by said pedestal, operating means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for initially actuating said operating'means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, means carried by said riveting ram for interrupting the movement of said rail at said initial position, means operable substantially upon contact of the workers with said rail to actuate said drill ram and to position said bucking means, means operated subsequently to the drilling operation to actuate the riveting ram a second time to efiect a riveting operation, and means operable 12 by the relative axial movement of said rail and said riveting anvil to interrupt the operation of the latter when the rivet head. has been upset the predetermined amount.

9. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and bucking means cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a rivetin ram slidably carried by said pedestal, operating means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for actuating said operating means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, a limit switch carried by said riveting ram, an operating member carried by said riveting ram and engageable with said limit switch for locating said pressure rail against a workpiece, means operable substantially upon contact of said rail with a workpiece to actuate said drill ram, and means operated subsequently to the drilling operation to actuate the riveting ram to eflect a riveting operation.

10. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and bucking means cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a riveting ram slidably carried by said pedestal, operatin means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for actuating said operating means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, a limit switch carried by said riveting ram, an operating member carried by said riveting ram and engageable with said limit switch for interrupting the movement of said ram when said rail is in bearing contact with a workpiece, means operable substantially upon contact of said rail with a workpiece to actuate said drill ram, means operated subsequently to the drilling operation to actuate the riveting ram to effect a riveting operation, a rivet height switch carried by said pedestal and operable subsequently to the drilling operation, and actuating means carried by said riveting ram for operating said last mentioned switch to cause the movement of the riveting ram to be interrupted when the rivet has been. upset the predetermined amount.

11. A riveting machine comprising a drilling unit and a riveting unit, said drilling unit comprising a reciprocating drill ram having a drill, and bucking means cooperating with said drill ram, said riveting unit comprising a pedestal, a riveting ram slidably carried by said pedestal, operating means for said riveting ram, an anvil carried by said riveting ram, a spring pressed pressure rail slidably carried by said anvil, means for actuating said operating means to bring said rail to workpiece supporting position, a limit switch carried by said riveting ram, an operating member carried by said riveting ram and engageable with said limit switch for interrupting the movement of said ram when said rail is in bearing contact with a workpiece, means operable substantially upon contact of said. rail with a workpiece to actuate said drill ram, means operated subsequently to the drilling operating to actuate the riveting ram to effect a riveting operation, a rivet height switch carried by said pedestal and operable subsequently to the drilling operation, actuating means carried by said riveting ram for operating said last mentioned 13 14 switch to cause the movement of the riveting ram UNITED STATES PATENTS to be interrupted when the rivet has been upset the predetermined amount, means operable at gggz b gi g g fg the completion of the riveting operation for re- 1 132988 Wade 1915 turning said riveting ram, and switch means for 5 1402901 Shaw 1922 interrupting the downward movement thereof. 2056559 Berlin; 0011/ 1936 ggggf i i i i fg' 2,216,403 Oeckl Oct. 1, 1940 2,323,016 Dent June 29, 1943 REFERENCES CITED m FOREIGN PATENTS The following references are of record in the Number Country Date file of this patent: 497,260 Great Britain May 2, 1936 

